Nature: Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines may protect for life

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Nature: Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines may protect for life 

Nature: Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines may protect for life.  NATURE released a new study on the mRNA vaccine produced by Pfizer and Moderna, which shows that it can provide life-long protection against the new coronavirus.

Researchers have found that anyone who receives two injections of mRNA vaccines will have a strong and long-lasting immune response. More importantly, these vaccines have produced high levels of neutralizing antibodies against the mutant virus.

This means that the vaccinators of these two vaccines can obtain long-lasting immunity, at least for the year of the tiger or even for life, and those who have been vaccinated no longer need any booster shots.

First discovered: “Memory B cells” immune system cells

According to the New York Times, this study, published on Monday in the journal Nature, reports this exciting good news. This is the result of a team study led by Dr. Ali Ellebedy, an immunologist at Washington University in St. Louis.

The team recruited 14 volunteers who had received two doses of Pfizer vaccine, 8 of whom had previously been infected with COVID-19. The researchers studied their lymph nodes and found that it produces a type of immune system cell called “memory B cells.”

“Memory B cells” lock onto the surface of invading pathogens and mark them as destroyed by other immune cells. They can also circulate in the blood for years or even decades. If another source of infection appears, the immune system can call them to eliminate the pathogen.

Dr. Ali Ellebedy said: “This is a good sign and shows the persistence of our immunity from this vaccine.”

Lymph nodes: Train “memory B cells” to recognize viruses

In their research, they found that after infection or vaccination, a “germinal center” will be formed in the lymph nodes, which is equivalent to the “recruit training camp” of “memory B cells”, helping to train “memory B cells” to recognize the gene sequence of the virus , And any variants in the sequence.

The team collected 5 samples from the volunteers’ lymph nodes over a period of 15 weeks. They were the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 7th and 15th weeks after vaccination.

The results showed that even after 4 months, the germinal center of the vaccinators was still very active, and the number of “memory B cells” that recognized the virus did not decrease.

Dr. Ali Ellebedy said: For most vaccines, the germinal center reaches its peak one or two weeks after vaccination, and then gradually fades. The follow-up inspection of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine found that even after 4 months, it is still very active. This is a Very, very good phenomenon.

The study also found that for the Alpha variant in the United Kingdom and the Beta variant in South Africa, the mRNA vaccine produced high levels of neutralizing antibodies in the volunteers. The study did not include the Indian Delta variant virus, because when the study started, this variant has not yet occurred, but in theory, any variant is inseparable, so the mRNA vaccine can also deal with the Delta variant.

Therefore, those who are vaccinated with Johnson & Johnson may need to be vaccinated with booster shots in the future, while those who are vaccinated with Pfizer and Moderna vaccines do not have to worry about it in the future.

Results:  Mixed vaccination is also possible

Research on mixed vaccination has also yielded preliminary results. Studies have shown that mixed AstraZeneca/Oxford vaccine and Pfizer vaccine can also produce a strong immune response.

The study conducted by the University of Oxford found that first vaccination with AstraZeneca/Oxford vaccine and 4 weeks later with Pfizer vaccination, or vice versa, can produce a strong immune response.

This research result has made the UK and global vaccines more flexible, because the supply of a single vaccine is always limited. If the two vaccines can be used in combination, it will provide a more efficient vaccination for vaccination.

(source:internet, reference only)

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