Gut bacteria enhance anti-tumor immunity and help colorectal cancer treatment

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Gut bacteria enhance anti-tumor immunity and help colorectal cancer treatment

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Immunity: Gut bacteria enhance anti-tumor immunity and help colorectal cancer treatment.

According to the latest global cancer burden data released by the World Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in 2020, colorectal cancer ranks third in the global incidence (1.93 million new cases in 2020) and second in mortality (2020 There are 940,000 new deaths per year) of cancer types. More importantly, the incidence of colorectal cancer among young people under the age of 50 has been increasing for the past 30 years.

Humans, like other mammals, are occupied by trillions of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. These microorganisms are collectively referred to as symbiotic flora. In a sense, “human” is a multi-complex composed of humans and symbiotic flora.

A large number of intestinal microbiome studies have shown that the human symbiotic flora can affect our health, physique, personality, and even thinking and lifespan to a certain extent.

Recently, researchers from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine published a research paper titled: Microbiota-specific T follicular helper cells drive tertiary lymphoid structures and anti-tumor immunity against colorectal cancer in Immunity .

The study found that a common bacteria in the mouse intestinal microbial groups in – Helicobacter hepaticus ( of Helicobacter hepaticus ) , may help the immune system fight of colorectal cancer . This discovery paved the way for new probiotic-based therapies and new treatment strategies for colorectal cancer.

The composition of the intestinal flora is related to the development of tumors and the efficacy of anti-tumor immunity. The research team studied the influence of microbiota-specific T cells on the immunity of colorectal cancer.

The corresponding author of the study, Dr. Timothy Hand , said that the previous use of fecal bacteria transplantation to obtain the correct microbial composition was full of chance. This study shows that we are now able to develop molecular products based on probiotics as effective drugs.

The research team colonized Helicobacter hepatica into the intestine of a mouse model of colorectal cancer . The results showed that Helicobacter hepatica did not change its microbial landscape, but increased tumor infiltration of cytotoxic lymphocytes and inhibited tumor growth. The researchers observed increased infiltration of helper T cells, B cells, and natural killer cells to the tumor site.

Regarding this discovery, Dr. Abigail Overacre-Delgoffe , the first author of the paper , said that ignoring the role of intestinal flora in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer seems to be a huge oversight. Intestinal flora is closely related to gastrointestinal health. We It is necessary to fully consider all the factors that may lead to the success or failure of cancer treatment. Obviously, the intestinal flora should not be ignored.

Paper link:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2021.11.003

Gut bacteria enhance anti-tumor immunity and help colorectal cancer treatment

(source:internet, reference only)

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