The global cancer burden: Deaths increasing by 20.9% in past decade

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The global cancer burden: Deaths increasing by 20.9% in past decade.

JAMA Oncology : The global cancer burden has continued to rise in the past decade, with deaths increasing by 20.9% and new cases increasing by 26.3%

On December 30, 2021, JAMA Oncology published a research paper, entitled “Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019“

The study assessed the cancer burden and trends in 204 countries in the world over the past decade . In 2019, the number of global cancer deaths rose to 10 million, and the number of new cases rose to 23.6 million.

Compared with 2010, the death toll has increased by 20.9%, and the number of new cancer cases has increased by 26.3% .

In this study, researchers assessed the burden and trends of cancer in 204 countries and regions around the world based on the 2019 Global Disease, Injury, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) .

The GBD estimation method is used to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years of disability life, years of loss, and disability-adjusted life years ( DALY ) in 2019 and the past ten years .

Overall, in 2019, there were an estimated 23.6 million new cases and 10 million deaths worldwide, among which an estimated 250 million DALYs were caused by cancer. In the past ten years, new cases have increased by 26.3%, and deaths have increased by 20.9%.

Cancer is second only to cardiovascular disease in terms of global deaths, years of life lost and DALY in 2019 .

The burden of cancer differs between the SDI quintiles. The proportion of years of disability leading to DALY increased with the increase in SDI, from 1.4% to 5.7%.

Among them, the high SDI quintile has the highest number of new cases in 2019, and the middle SDI quintile has the highest number of cancer deaths and DALYs.

5 major cancer burdens

In the total cancer burden, the five main causes of cancer-related DALY in men and women are tracheal cancer, bronchial cancer and lung cancer (TBL) (18.3%) ; colon and rectal cancer (9.7%) ; stomach cancer (9%) ; breast cancer (8.2%) ; and liver cancer (5%) . TBL cancer is the leading cause of cancer death.

Cancer Burden List

It is estimated that trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer will cause 45.9 million DALYs in 2019, 2.04 million deaths due to this cancer, and 2.26 million new cases;

colon cancer and rectal cancer will cause 24.3 million DALYs due to this cancer There are 1.09 million deaths from cancer and 2.17 million new cases;

gastric cancer will cause approximately 22.2 million DALYs, 95,000 deaths due to this cancer, and 1.27 million new cases;

breast cancer is a global female cancer in 2019 Related DALYs, the main cause of death, breast cancer will cause 20.6 million DALYs, 69,000 deaths attributed to this cancer, and 2 million new cases;

liver cancer will cause 12.5 million DALYs, the number of deaths attributed to this cancer There are 480,000, and the number of new postings is 530,000.

Differences between men and women

Among men , TBL cancer is the main cause of the burden, followed by gastric cancer, colon and rectal cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer, and prostate cancer.

Among women , the main cause of the disease burden associated with cancer is breast cancer, followed by TBL, colon and rectal cancer, cervical cancer, gastric cancer, and ovarian cancer.

Trends in global cancer burden in the past decade

Globally, the number of new cancer cases increased from 18.7 million in 2010 to 23.6 million in 2019, an increase of 26.3%. The total number of global cancer deaths increased from 8.29 million in 2010 to 10 million in 2019, an increase of 20.9%.

In addition, the proportion of cancer deaths in the total number of all-cause deaths in 2019 has also increased, from 15.7% in 2010 to 17.7%. In this decade, global cancer-related DALY increased by 16.0% to 250 million from 216 million in 2010.

Cancer burden ranked by SDI quintile

Although the absolute burden of cancer has increased in deaths and new cases from 2010 to 2019, the global age-standardized mortality and morbidity rates have fallen by 5.9% and 1.1%, respectively.

From a national perspective, the age-standardized mortality rate in 131 countries and regions has decreased, and the age-standardized incidence rate in 75 countries and regions has decreased. A slight decline globally is promising.

Summary

In summary, the results of the study show that the global cancer burden is huge and increasing, and the burden model varies with SDI quintiles. In 2019, the contribution of cancer-related DALY to the global burden of disease is second only to cardiovascular disease. From 2010 to 2019, the number of new cancer cases and deaths worldwide increased by 26.3% and 20.9%, respectively. These results indicate the need to strengthen cancer prevention and control efforts to reduce the current cancer burden.

Paper link:

doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.6987

The global cancer burden: Deaths increasing by 20.9% in past decade

(source:internet, reference only)

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