BMC Medicine: Moderate sun exposure may help prevent ‘Dementia’
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BMC Medicine: Moderate sun exposure may help prevent ‘Dementia’. A study of 360,000 people found that it is best to be in the sun for so long a day on average.
The acceleration of global aging has gradually brought the medical term “senile dementia” into the lives of ordinary people. Various studies are emerging every year, and some people even shouted the slogan “cancer is not terrible, dementia is more terrible”.
On April 25, Professor Yu Jintai’s team from Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University and Tan Lan’s team from Qingdao Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University published a paper in BMC Medicine（8.775/Q1), entitled “Time spent in outdoor light is associated with the risk of dementia: a prospective cohort study of 362094 participants“.
A prospective cohort study of 362,094 participants over a nine-year period revealed for the first time a statistical association between sun exposure and dementia, suggesting that moderate sun exposure could help prevent “senile dementia.” , which refreshed our understanding of dementia prevention.
Bradstreet said: Where the sun shines is where I live .
Sunbathing is the most common way of health care in our life. A large number of recent studies have also shown that sun exposure has an important impact on the body’s vitamin D (VD) synthesis and absorption, sleep rhythm adjustment and other physiological functions.
An important association between low levels of vitamin D in the body and dementia has been reported; circadian rhythm arrhythmia has been reported in 44% of dementia patients.
Bright light therapy (BLT) has been recognized as a promising non-drug dementia intervention.
However, previous studies did not have direct epidemiological evidence to prove the relationship between sunlight and dementia, and there are few related population studies.
In addition, British 4-64 year olds generally believe that sun exposure and adequate vitamin D supplementation are sufficient, so summing up vitamin D in the British population is not a strictly required dietary vitamin.
With this in mind, this paper conducted a large-scale cohort study of the longitudinal association between daytime light exposure and dementia-related outcomes in the UK population.
In order to provide reasonable lighting guidance for people living in high latitudes to effectively prevent dementia.
Flow chart of study design
The study recruited around 500,000 men and women aged 37 to 73 from across the UK from 2006 to 2010.
In addition, the statistic took into account age, gender, education, skin color, sun/UV protection use, employment status, sleep duration and air pollution, fracture history, vitamin D supplementation, hearing impairment, smoking status, alcohol consumption, cardiovascular Influencing factors such as disease (CVD), total physical activity (TPA), and body mass index (BMI).
After statistical analysis, the article found that of the 362,094 active volunteers, 4,149 (1.15%) were diagnosed with dementia during the 9-year follow-up period.
After analysis, this may be related to lower education, never or little sun protection, unemployment, sleep disturbance, higher PM 2.5 exposure, smoking and drinking, and cardiovascular disease.
Crucially, the statistics found that people with dementia spent significantly longer on average in outdoor light than volunteers without dementia.
This caught the attention of the researchers, who then explored the relationship between outdoor light hours and dementia.
The correlation between outdoor light time and incident dementia during follow-up
Nonlinear spline model analysis showed a nonlinear association between sun exposure (as a continuous variable) and dementia outcomes.
Significant increases in dementia risk were observed with either too high or too low sun exposure .
The piecewise nonlinear model analysis showed that an average of 1.5 hours per day, 2 hours per day in summer and 1 hour per day in winter were the most beneficial for reducing the risk of dementia.
The multivariate cox regression analysis showed that both above and below the 1.5-hour mean significantly increased the risk of dementia.
Overall, there was a “J-shaped” curve between sun exposure time and dementia risk. The increased risk of dementia was significantly accelerated with shorter light exposures and relatively slow with longer exposures.
To further rule out statistical error, the researchers observed similar results after excluding data from people who were followed up for less than 3 years and more than 10 years.
When all variables were included in the analysis, the results did not change.
In addition, the researchers also found several interesting phenomena:
- Participants over 60 years old showed a more obvious “J-shaped” curve, and the appropriate light time was significantly longer than that of other age groups (2 hours per day on average, 3 hours per day in summer, and 1 hour per day in winter). For participants under the age of 60, there was no significant dose dependence of light duration and dementia.
- Women have the lowest risk of dementia. The optimal average sunshine time is 2 hours a day. Too high or too low will increase the risk of dementia.
- Even with regular work and rest, adequate sleep still requires an average of 1.5 hours of light per day to reduce the risk of dementia (2 hours per day in summer and 1 hour per day in winter) .
The benefits of basking in the sun are recognized, but the disadvantages are also obvious!
So the article also talks about the disadvantages of sun exposure at the end, including sunburn, skin cancer (melanoma, lip cancer, and keratinocytes) and eye diseases (cataracts, UV keratitis). Therefore, the optimal lighting time found in this paper is more meaningful.
The same is true of sunbathing, just in moderation!
references:
Time spent in outdoor light is associated with the risk of dementia: a prospective cohort study of 362094 participants[J].BMC Medicine (2022) 20:132.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-022-02331-2
BMC Medicine: Moderate sun exposure may help prevent ‘Dementia’.
(source:internet, reference only)
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