Global Cases of Type 1 Diabetes Among the Elderly Triple

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Global Cases of Type 1 Diabetes Among the Elderly Triple

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Global Cases of Type 1 Diabetes Among the Elderly Triple, Study Finds

A study published in The BMJ reveals that the number of people aged 65 and older with Type 1 diabetes has nearly tripled from 1.3 million in 1990 to 3.7 million in 2019. Despite this increase, the mortality rate has decreased significantly, from 4.7 per 100,000 people in 1990 to 3.5 per 100,000 in 2019, representing a 25% reduction.

Overall, these findings suggest that more individuals with Type 1 diabetes are living longer. However, the study also highlights stark inequalities in diabetes care globally. Mortality rates in high-income countries have decreased 13 times faster than in low- and middle-income countries, indicating a significant disparity in healthcare access and quality.

Traditionally, Type 1 diabetes has been considered a condition that drastically shortens life expectancy. However, recent advancements in treatment and care have led to an increase in the elderly population living with this condition.

Despite these improvements, most countries still lack accurate data on the burden of Type 1 diabetes. To address this, researchers in China used data from the Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors Study 2019 to estimate the prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for Type 1 diabetes among individuals aged 65 and older across 204 countries and regions from 1990 to 2019. DALYs are a metric that combines the quantity and quality of life lived.

The analysis, which considered factors such as age, gender, and the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) — a measure of social and economic development — found that the age-standardized prevalence of Type 1 diabetes among the elderly increased by 28%, from 400 cases per 100,000 people in 1990 to 514 cases per 100,000 in 2019. Meanwhile, mortality decreased by 25%, from 4.74 per 100,000 people in 1990 to 3.54 per 100,000 in 2019.

The study also noted a slight decline in age-standardized DALYs, from 113 per 100,000 people in 1990 to 103 per 100,000 in 2019, a decrease of 8.9%.

Globally, the prevalence of Type 1 diabetes doubled across all age groups between 65 and 94, especially among men. Mortality rates fell across all age groups, with the most significant declines observed among women and those under 79. The decline in DALYs was most pronounced in the under-79 age group.

However, the decline in mortality in countries with a high SDI was 13 times faster than in countries with a low or medium SDI (an annual decrease of 2.17% versus 0.16%).

While high-income regions like North America, Australasia, and Western Europe continue to have the highest incidence of Type 1 diabetes, the highest DALYs were recorded in Southern Sub-Saharan Africa, Oceania, and the Caribbean, with each region reporting 178-177 DALYs per 100,000 people.

Over the 30-year study period, high fasting plasma glucose levels were identified as the primary risk factor contributing to the increase in DALYs among elderly patients with Type 1 diabetes, highlighting the ongoing challenge of effective glucose control in this population.

The researchers acknowledge that their estimates rely heavily on modeling, and variations in health information systems and reporting methods across countries, especially in low- and middle-income regions and conflict zones, may affect the accuracy of their results.

Nonetheless, the decline in mortality and DALYs associated with Type 1 diabetes is encouraging for elderly patients and their families worldwide. The researchers call for more high-quality, real-world studies to validate their findings and emphasize the need for immediate attention to the aging population and the elderly with Type 1 diabetes. They advocate for the rational allocation of healthcare resources and the provision of targeted guidelines for this vulnerable group.

Global Cases of Type 1 Diabetes Among the Elderly Triple, Study Finds

(source:internet, reference only)

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