Diabetics Multiple Comorbidities Leading to Significant Lifespan Reduction

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Diabetics Multiple Comorbidities Leading to Significant Lifespan Reduction

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Diabetics Multiple Comorbidities Leading to Significant Lifespan Reduction

Diabetes is alarming not only due to its own complications but also because of the multiple long-term conditions (MLTC) it brings along.

Data Analysis of 46.7 Million Individuals Reveals One-Third of Diabetics Have at Least Three Comorbidities by Age 50, Reducing Lifespan by 11 Years Over Two Decades.

Diabetes is alarming not only due to its own complications but also because of the multiple long-term conditions (MLTC) it brings along.

The chronic high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and inflammation associated with diabetes lead to a range of vascular complications affecting the cardiovascular system, eyes, feet, and kidneys. Moreover, diabetes is linked to an increased risk of cancer, infections, respiratory diseases, liver disease, and dementia.

While this might seem like just a list, a recent study published in Nature Medicine might make you reconsider the severity of diabetes. A research team from Imperial College London analyzed data from 46.7 million people in the UK and found that by the age of 50, one-third of diabetes patients will have at least three long-term conditions that will persist for at least 20 years, reducing their lifespan by at least 11 years. For each additional comorbidity, lifespan shortens by four years.

In older adults, hypertension, depression, cancer, and coronary artery disease are more common, while younger individuals face higher rates of depression, severe mental illness, learning disabilities, alcohol dependence, and asthma.

The study utilized data from UK general practitioner records, including 46,748,714 adults, 7.8% of whom were diagnosed with diabetes. This group included individuals with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and other types.

The data shows that, across all age groups, people with diabetes are more likely to have multiple long-term conditions than those without diabetes. By age 50, 37% of female patients and 29.4% of male patients have at least three comorbidities, a level of disease burden typically seen in the general population only after the age of 65 or 70. The difference in disease burden between diabetics and non-diabetics is even more pronounced in younger age groups.

The study also analyzed the types of diseases associated with diabetes. Hypertension (51% in women, 50% in men), coronary artery disease (18% in women, 25.7% in men), osteoarthritis (22.2% in women, 14.6% in men), depression (16.7% in women, 10% in men), and asthma (16.2% in women, 9.5% in men) are the most common.

Other significant conditions include atrial fibrillation, cancer, cerebrovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart failure, chronic kidney disease, peripheral vascular disease, frailty, osteoporosis, and chronic pain, with prevalence rates ranging from 5% to 10%.

The median age for diabetes patients to develop at least two long-term conditions is 67 years for women and 66 years for men. This indicates that they will spend a significant portion of their lives dealing with multiple health issues. The older they get, the heavier the burden of these conditions becomes, leading to a greater loss of life expectancy.

If multiple long-term conditions develop during youth, the impact on lifespan is even more severe. For example, at age 40, each additional condition shortens life expectancy by four years.

The data also show that the combination of diabetes, alcohol dependence, and chronic liver disease is the most lethal, reducing life expectancy by 12.5 to 15.7 years. Severe mental illness and learning disabilities tend to onset earlier, leading to longer periods of illness and greater life expectancy loss.

Considering a group of 1,000 individuals, the most significant losses in life expectancy are attributed to hypertension, depression, osteoarthritis, asthma, and coronary artery disease. Among women, depression, osteoarthritis, chronic pain, and osteoporosis have the greatest impact, while in men, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, and peripheral vascular disease are the most dangerous.

Diabetics Multiple Comorbidities Leading to Significant Lifespan Reduction

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(source:internet, reference only)

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