Stem cell transplantation has 2 major advantages to repair stroke

Stem cell transplantation has 2 major advantages to repair stroke.  Stem cell transplantation has a huge therapeutic advantage in the repair of stroke and has become a new clinical treatment plan.

The rapid development of stem cell transplantation technology has provided useful ideas for various problems in clinical medicine. As researchers gradually deepen their understanding of nervous system plasticity, nerve regeneration and stem cells, it is possible for stem cell transplantation to intervene in stroke.

After the onset of stroke, it affects the nerve cells of many different species (lineages); in addition, the nerve cells are highly differentiated cells that are generally considered to have no proliferation ability, and they cannot replace or supplement the damaged nerve cells, so that once stroke becomes ill After the symptoms are difficult to recover. Stem cells have cell replacement and regulation of cytokine secretion, these two major advantages are helpful for the recovery of stroke sequelae.

1. Cell replacement

Stem cells can transform into various types of neural stem cells required for brain tissue by exerting their multidirectional differentiation ability, and differentiate into neurons and glial cells according to the stimulation of regeneration information.

2. Regulate cytokine secretion

Release neurotrophic factors, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, neurotrophin 3 (NT3) and neurotrophin 4 (NT4), etc.; reduce the expression of axon growth inhibitory factors such as Nogo-A, MAG, and OMgp; reduce caspase -3 expression, inhibit nerve cell apoptosis; increase VEGF expression, promote angiogenesis, etc.

Explore the effects of stem cell transplantation on stroke repair in 4 aspects:

①Type of transplantation

The stem cells currently used in stroke are derived from bone marrow, cord blood, mature animal adipose tissue or brain tissue, and mainly include neural stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and cord blood stem cells.

②Transplant time

From the test results, the effect of stem cell transplantation in the acute phase is better than that in the chronic phase, but the sequelae of stroke patients in the chronic phase are also improved to a certain extent.

③Transplantation approach

Peripheral vein or carotid artery injection of stem cell suspension; injection of transplanted stem cells into local brain injury lesions; injection of stem cells from the patient’s ventricle or subarachnoid space; the latest research shows that researchers use intranasal administration to make stem cells reach the brain group.

④ Number of transplants

The number of stem cells to be transplanted depends on the route of transplantation. Most intravenous injections are calculated on the basis of 1.0×106 cells/kg, and the number ranges from 1-3 times. The frequency of multiple transplants is generally once a week.

Clinical case: Researchers included 45 patients with cerebral hemorrhage as the research objects. All subjects carried out clinical trials after the symptoms of stroke were stabilized. Among them, 23 were in the routine rehabilitation group; 22 patients were in the stem cell transplantation group. The process of cerebral angiography was carried out. 1.5mL of 2.0×107L-1 stem cell liquid was injected from the middle cerebral artery and followed up for 12 months to observe the degree of limb motor function and activities of daily living, and evaluate the safety of stem cell transplantation.

The results of the study showed that the subjects had no adverse reactions during the transplantation and follow-up period. MRI examination was performed 12 months later, and the damaged brain tissues were reduced; in terms of activities of daily living, the modified Barthel index of the experimental group was significantly higher after transplant Before transplantation, the difference was more significant with time; in terms of limb motor function, the improvement effect of the experimental group was better than that of the control group, and the difference was more significant with time.

Summary:

Stem cell transplantation has a huge therapeutic advantage in the repair of stroke, and it has become a new clinical treatment plan.

(sourceinternet, reference only)

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