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The relationship between heart rate variability HRV and various diseases

The relationship between heart rate variability HRV and various diseases.  Heart rate variability is the most sensitive index reflecting our autonomic nervous tension, and it is also the most valuable independent index predicting sudden cardiac death.

In layman’s terms, the essence of HRV is the analysis of the degree of sinus arrhythmia, and it has been confirmed that HRV is related to the pathological mechanism of a variety of cardiovascular diseases.

Heart rate variability is the most sensitive index reflecting our autonomic nervous tension, and it is also the most valuable independent index predicting sudden cardiac death.

For some patients who have experienced heart problems, heart rate variability is even more important.

Clinical application of heart rate variability HRV

Since HRV analysis mainly evaluates the function of autonomic nerves, any imbalance that directly or indirectly affects the autonomic nerves will cause HRV changes, so it involves a wide range of aspects.

1. HRV and coronary heart disease

HRV can quantitatively detect cardiac autonomic nerve activity, has the advantages of rapid, non-invasive and simple, and can become a new method to evaluate the extent of coronary artery disease and its prognosis in patients with coronary heart disease.

The HRV of patients with coronary heart disease is reduced, and the degree of reduction is closely related to the extent and degree of coronary atherosclerosis, which is an independent predictor of coronary atherosclerosis.

2. HRV and hypertension

The reduction of HRV in hypertensive patients is positively correlated with the occurrence of left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiac insufficiency, and cardiac events. The heavier the myocardial hypertrophy, the more obvious the reduction in HRV, and the higher the probability of occurrence of ventricular arrhythmia, the more serious!

3. HRV and diabetes

Diabetes patients are often accompanied by autonomic nerve damage, leading to arrhythmia, even in the early stage of the disease can also cause sudden cardiac death in diabetic patients.

Analysis of HRV can be used to judge autonomic nerve damage, and HRV reduction can be used to predict autonomic nerve damage early.

It is recommended that diabetic patients should be tested for HRV routinely to find their autonomic neuropathy as early as possible so that clinicians can make correct and timely and effective treatment, thereby reducing the death of diabetic patients due to severe arrhythmia.

4. HRV and sudden cardiac death

Numerous studies have found that HRV can be used as an independent predictor of the risk of sudden cardiac death, especially SDNN (24-hour RR interval standard deviation) has an independent and highly sensitive predictive value.

The reduction of HRV is an important independent indicator to predict the risk of sudden cardiac death and malignant arrhythmia after acute myocardial infarction.

Knowing heart rate variability at any time, for some patients with myocardial infarction, you can add a protective cover to the time bomb of sudden death before it detonates.

5. HRV and heart failure

The autonomic nervous system of patients with heart failure is damaged, and HRV will be reduced. Both LF (low frequency) and HF (high frequency) are significantly lower than normal people, and the reduction in HF is more obvious.

Therefore, changes in HRV may reflect the severity of impaired cardiac function.

6. Abnormal thyroid function

In Hashimoto’s thyroiditis caused by hyperthyroidism, accompanied by abnormal autonomic function, HRV decreased after overdose of antithyroid drugs, but HRV returned to normal after the symptoms were controlled well after treatment.

7. Obstetrics and Gynecology

Premature infants, sudden infant death syndrome, etc., make judgments of intrauterine asphyxia through HRV analysis. When the HRV of the fetus decreases, it indicates fetal distress and delivery should be accelerated.

8. HRV and healthy people

Smoking, excessive drinking, obesity, excessive stress, mood swings, poor sleep, certain drugs and food, etc. may cause changes in HRV, increase in sympathetic nerve activity, and decrease in vagus nerve activity, which may be related to the occurrence of cardiovascular disease.

The role of daily monitoring of heart rate variability (HRV)

If your HRV decreases, it indicates that certain factors have affected you, such as excessive stress, mood swings, and not sleeping well.

In addition, smoking, drinking alcohol and some drugs may also reduce HRV.

If there is a continuous sudden drop in HRV, it can sometimes be a sign of illness, which reminds you to pay attention to rest.

Conversely, if your HRV trend is increasing, it means you may have done something right, such as eating properly, sleeping better, or doing proper endurance training.

In general, monitoring HRV can help you understand your health, resilience and ability to withstand various stresses.

In the following three periods, HRV may be more useful.

1. A period of emotional instability

If you feel that your emotions are not stable, then monitoring HRV may have important significance.

Studies have found that people with lower resting HRV are more difficult to regulate their emotions.

There are two specific manifestations of these people:

① I can’t distinguish emotions well, that is, I can’t tell what kind of emotion I feel, and I don’t know why I feel that way.

② Unable to control impulse well, often manifested as anger at the touch.

So, when your HRV decreases, you can check whether you have emotional problems.

Try to make a record, recognize your negative emotions, and try to find the cause of the negative emotions.

When your HRV rises again, it means that your emotional problems have improved.

2. Exercise period

If you are exercising or have long-term exercise habits, HRV monitoring can also help you plan your training better.

When your HRV is relatively high, you are more suitable for high-intensity training;

When your HRV is relatively low, relatively low-intensity training will be more suitable for you.

HRV detection can prevent you from overtraining and reduce your risk of injury, allowing you to continue to maintain a high level of performance.

3. Adjust the diet period

If you are adjusting your diet, HRV can also tell you whether you are heading in the right direction.

Due to the presence of the brain-gut axis, the food you eat can affect your brain.

The improvement of food on brain function, cognition and mood can ultimately be reflected in the indicator of HRV.

You can understand whether your diet plan is appropriate by observing the changes in HRV.

(source:internet, reference only)

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