David Ho’s team found that Eli Lilly monoclonal antibody is effective against various Omicron
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Nature: David Ho’s team found that Eli Lilly newly approved monoclonal antibody is effective against various subtypes of Omicron.
On March 3, 2022, the team of David Ho from Columbia University published a research paper entitled: Antibody evasion properties of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages in Nature .
In laboratory experiments using 19 monoclonal antibodies, the research team found that only the recently approved bebtelovimab monoclonal antibody neutralized all three isoforms of Omicron .
These findings are part of a recent analysis showing that the three subtypes of Omicron mutated to the same extent as the wild-type SARS-CoV-2 virus (SARS-CoV-2) , and in reducing the efficacy of mRNA vaccines have similar comparability.
Bebtelovimab was developed by Eli Lilly and received an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA)from the U.S. FDA on February 11, 2022of mild to moderatein adults and pediatric patients(at least 40 kg)Patients with COVID-19, and those at high risk of developing severe COVID-19.
After the confirmation of the Omicron BA.1 mutant, continued monitoring revealed two further mutated clades: BA.1 and BA.2 with the R346K mutation.
The BA.1+R346K subtype accounts for about 40% of the current global Omicron sequences and 35-60% in New Zealand, the UK and the US. The BA.2 subtype , which accounts for about 10% of the global Omicron sequence, is increasing in prevalence and has become predominant in Denmark, India, and South Africa.
David Ho et al. investigated the sensitivity of various subtypes of Omicron to neutralizing sera from individuals previously infected with wild-type new coronavirus ( 10 people) , vaccinated with Pfizer-BioNTech (13 people) or Individuals with the Moderna (12) vaccine, and those who received any of the above mRNA vaccines as a booster (15) .
They found that the neutralizing activity of serum for BA.1+R346K and BA.2 subtypes was significantly lower than that of wild-type new coronaviruses, and the degree of decline was comparable to that of BA.1 previously reported .
However, the reduction in neutralizing activity was less pronounced in the sera of booster-vaccinated individuals.
In laboratory experiments against 19 monoclonal antibodies, they found that BA.2 was significantly resistant to 17 of them . This includes a 27-fold decrease in the activity of sotrovimab, which retains good activity against both BA.1 and BA.1+R246K.
Of the other two antibodies, cilgavimab (alone or in combination with tixagevimab) retained activity against BA.2 but was ineffective against BA.1. Only the recently approved bebtelovimab is effective against all three subtypes of Omicron .
The research team concluded: The emergence of variants has led to fewer treatment options, and we must continue to develop new strategies to control the new coronavirus.
About David Ho
When it comes to David Ho , we have to mention his greatest contribution – cocktail therapy .
The application of cocktail therapy has made AIDS a chronic disease, and millions of AIDS patients have survived. David Ho was also called ” the man who defeated AIDS ” by ” Time ” magazine .
David Ho was born on November 3, 1952 in Taiwan, China, and immigrated to Los Angeles, California, USA with his family when he was 12 years old.
In 1970, David Ho was admitted to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , and graduated with honors four years later, and later obtained a doctorate in medicine from Harvard University .
On June 5, 1981, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released a report of five AIDS cases, the first time AIDS was discovered in the world.
At this time, David Ho was working as an intern at the Sinai Medical Center, and he was exposed to the earliest AIDS cases.
Since then , David Ho has devoted himself to AIDS research, becoming one of the first scientists in the world to realize that AIDS is caused by a virus, and one of the first scientists to elucidate the replication diversity of HIV.
In 1996, in the face of the frequent drug resistance problems of AIDS patients, David Ho proposed a ” cocktail therapy “, which combined a variety of anti-AIDS drugs into a combination of protease inhibitor drugs, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
The combination of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor drugs can be more effective in the treatment of AIDS than single drugs, and it is less likely to develop drug resistance.
Since its use in 1996, cocktail therapy has effectively reduced the mortality rate of AIDS patients, and it is still one of the most commonly used and effective AIDS treatment methods.
Due to the outstanding contribution of “cocktail therapy” to AIDS treatment, David Ho was selected as the person of the year by the US “Time” magazine in 1996, and in 2010, he was called ” the person who defeated AIDS ” by “Time ” magazine .
Since then, David Ho has devoted himself to the prevention and treatment of AIDS and other viral diseases, and has achieved a series of important research results.
On March 8, 2021, David Ho ‘s team published a research paper entitled: Antibody Resistance of SARS-CoV-2 Variants B.1.351 and B.1.1.7 in Nature .
The study shows that the COVID-19 Alpha mutant strain (B.1.1.7) and Beta mutant strain (B.1.351) can escape a variety of monoclonal antibodies targeting the N-terminal domain (NTD) of the new coronavirus S protein, as well as targeting the receptor Monoclonal antibody to the body binding domain (RBD) .
However , the ” antibody cocktail ” therapy composed of different monoclonal antibodies can still effectively neutralize these COVID-19 mutants .
Reference :
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-04594-4
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03398-2
David Ho’s team found that Eli Lilly monoclonal antibody is effective against various Omicron
(source:internet, reference only)
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