JAMA: Adhering to these healthy lifestyles can reduce the risks of COVID-19 sequelae by half
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JAMA: Adhering to these healthy lifestyles can reduce the risks of COVID-19 sequelae by half.
Infection with the COVID-19 often causes symptoms such as fever, cough, and muscle aches, which usually fade away as the infection ends.
However, there are also a small number of cured patients who will show mild or severe sequelae. Common problems include brain fog, fatigue, and loss of sense of smell and taste.
However, people infected with the new coronavirus are also at risk of ” Long COVID ” .
According to the definition of the World Health Organization, long-term COVID-19s refer to diseases that generally appear three months after the initial onset of COVID-19s, last for more than two months, and cannot be explained by other diagnoses. Common ones include brain fog, fatigue, anxiety, insomnia, Chest pain and other issues.
Although people have been worried about and discussing the COVID-19 since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is still no clear strategy for how to prevent or avoid the occurrence of the COVID-19.
On February 6, 2023, researchers from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health published a research paper entitled: Adherence to Healthy Lifestyle Prior to Infection and Risk of Post–COVID-19 Condition in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine .
The study showed that women who followed most aspects of a healthy lifestyle had about half the risk of developing COVID-19 compared to women who did not have any healthy lifestyle .
That is, a healthy lifestyle is related to reducing the risk of developing a COVID-19, and simple lifestyle changes, such as adequate sleep, can prevent the development of a COVID-19.
Andrea L. Roberts , the corresponding author of the paper , said that as the wave of COVID-19 continues, Long COVID has caused a serious public health burden.
The findings raise the possibility that adopting a healthier lifestyle may reduce the risk of Long COVID.
The researchers analyzed data on more than 32,000 female nurses, recording their lifestyle and history of SARS-CoV-2 infection between April 2020 and November 2021.
During this period, 1981 participants became infected with COVID-19. Of these, 871 (44%) developed Long COVID.
The healthy lifestyles documented in the study include the following six points:
1. Healthy weight (BMI=18.5-24.9)
2. No smoking
3. Get regular exercise (at least 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous exercise per week)
4. Adequate sleep (sleep 7-9 hours a day)
5. Eat a high-quality diet
6. Drink in moderation
The statistical results found that the risk of Long COVID decreased with the increase of healthy lifestyle factors. Women with 5 or 6 of the healthy lifestyle factors mentioned above had a 49% lower risk of Long COVID compared to women without any of the healthy lifestyle factors.
Of the six lifestyle factors, maintaining a healthy weight and getting enough sleep were most associated with lower Long COVID risk.
The findings also showed that even among women with Long COVID, participants who had a healthier lifestyle before infection had a 30 percent lower risk of developing symptoms that interfere with daily life.
The authors note that one possible explanation for their observations is that, based on previous research, an unhealthy lifestyle is associated with an increased risk of chronic inflammation and immune dysregulation, which in turn is associated with an increased risk of developing COVID-19.
Siwen Wang , lead author of the paper , said that over the past few decades, scientists have accumulated evidence that a healthy lifestyle is beneficial to overall health.
However, in the United States, for example, 70% of the population is at an unhealthy weight and 30% are not getting enough sleep.
The results of this study suggest that simple lifestyle changes, such as getting enough sleep, may be beneficial in preventing Long COVID.
More information
In August 2022, a research paper titled: Persistence of somatic symptoms after COVID-19 in the Netherlands: an observational cohort study published in The Lancet showed that there will be 1 person developed Long COVID.
A research paper published by BMJ titled: Long covid outcomes at one year after mild SARS-CoV-2 infection: nationwide cohort study shows that most symptoms after mild COVID-19 will last for several months, But it will be back to normal within a year . Among them, vaccinated people had a lower risk of breathing difficulties compared with unvaccinated people.
Although most COVID-19 patients recover without suffering the long-term sequelae of COVID-19 infection, recognizing that having healthier lifestyle habits may reduce the risk of developing COVID-19 will provide simple and feasible solutions to avoid suffering from COVID-19.
References :
1. Wang S, Li Y, Yue Y, et al. Adherence to Healthy Lifestyle Prior to Infection and Risk of Post–COVID-19 Condition. JAMA Intern Med. Published online February 06, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.6555
2. Ballering AV, van Zon SKR, Olde Hartman TC, Rosmalen JGM; Lifelines Corona Research Initiative. Persistence of somatic symptoms after COVID-19 in the Netherlands: an observational cohort study. Lancet. 2022;400(10350):452-461 .doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01214-4
3. Mizrahi B, Sudry T, Flaks-Manov N, et al. Long covid outcomes at one year after mild SARS-CoV-2 infection: nationwide cohort study. BMJ. 2023;380:e072529. Published 2023 Jan 11. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2022-072529
JAMA: Adhering to these healthy lifestyles can reduce the risks of COVID-19 sequelae by half
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