Questions about prostate hyperplasia

Questions about prostate hyperplasia. Prostatic hyperplasia mostly occurs in middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old, and it is the most common benign disease that causes urination disorders in middle-aged and elderly men.

1. What is prostate hyperplasia?

Prostatic hyperplasia mostly occurs in middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old, and it is the most common benign disease that causes urination disorders in middle-aged and elderly men. Patients often present with frequent urination, urgency, dysuria, etc., and may also cause acute urinary retention. Treatment mainly includes medication and surgery.

2. Why do I get prostate hyperplasia?

The cause of benign prostatic hyperplasia is currently unclear, and may be related to factors such as androgen stimulation and the persistence of chronic inflammation.

Some factors may induce prostate hyperplasia, including: 1. Age: It is rare for men under 40 years old. The older the age, the higher the incidence. 2. Obesity: Obesity increases the risk of prostate hyperplasia, and weight loss can reduce the risk.

3. What are the symptoms of prostate hyperplasia?

The symptoms of prostate hyperplasia usually appear after the age of 50, and are divided into symptoms of urine storage and urination. Frequent urination is the earliest symptom that appears during the storage period, and it is more obvious at night. It is manifested as an increase in the frequency of urination but not much urine output each time. In addition, there are urgency and acute incontinence. Progressive dysuria is the most typical symptom of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Patients with prolonged urination time, thin and weak urinary lines, often feel incomplete urination, and urinary retention in severe cases. Symptoms such as hematuria and painful urination may also occur with co-infection.

4. Does prostate hyperplasia become prostate cancer?

Prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer are two independent diseases. There is currently no evidence that the two are related. Prostatic hyperplasia will not turn into prostate cancer, but some patients will have prostate cancer while suffering from prostate hyperplasia. The two have similarities in symptoms, so pay attention to distinguish them. If symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency, or dysuria occur, seek medical attention in time.

5. What examinations are needed for prostate hyperplasia?

Digital rectal examination is an important diagnostic method. It can estimate the size of the prostate and understand whether there is tenderness, nodules, etc. Laboratory tests include urine routine and serum prostate-specific antigen determination, which can find out whether the patient has hematuria, proteinuria, and identify prostate cancer. Prostate ultrasound is a commonly used examination that can observe the size, shape and structure of the prostate. In addition, there are urinary flow rate checks and urodynamic checks.

6. How to treat prostate hyperplasia?

Prostatic hyperplasia should be treated according to the degree of urinary tract obstruction and the severity of symptoms, including watchful waiting, medication and surgical treatment. For patients with acute urinary retention, catheterization is needed in time. If the symptoms are mild and do not affect their lives, some patients can watch and wait without active treatment.

7. What are the drugs for treating prostate hyperplasia?

There are three main drugs for prostate hyperplasia. 5α-reductase inhibitors are suitable for the treatment of patients with enlarged prostate with moderate or severe lower urinary tract symptoms. Commonly used drugs include finasteride. α1-receptor blockers have the effect of relaxing the smooth muscles of the urethra. They are suitable for patients with moderate and severe lower urinary tract symptoms. Commonly used drugs include doxazosin and tamsulosin, but beware of dizziness, headache, fatigue, Side effects such as orthostatic hypotension.

M receptor antagonists can relieve excessive detrusor muscle contraction and are suitable for patients with a small prostate and less severe urinary tract obstruction. Commonly used drugs are tolterodine.

8. When does prostate hyperplasia need surgery?

For patients with prostate hyperplasia with the following conditions, surgical treatment needs to be considered:

• 1. There are symptoms of lower urinary tract obstruction, which obviously affects life treatment;
• 2. The urodynamic examination has changed significantly, or the residual urine is above 60m;
• 3. It has caused upper urinary tract obstruction and renal function damage;
• 4. Acute urinary retention, urinary tract infection, gross hematuria have occurred repeatedly.
• 5. What are the methods of surgical treatment?

Common surgical methods include:

1. Transurethral resection of the prostate: Transurethral resection of hyperplastic prostate tissue is the “gold standard” of current treatment, which can quickly relieve symptoms such as dysuria.

2. Transurethral incision of the prostate: A few small incisions are made on the prostate, with fewer complications, but a higher recurrence rate.

3. Transurethral laser surgery: The prostate tissue is removed by laser vaporization, which is suitable for most prostate patients, with less intraoperative bleeding and more thorough resection.

4. Others: open prostatectomy, transurethral electrification of the prostate, etc.

10. What should be paid attention to in daily life of prostate patients?

Patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia should develop a good lifestyle, usually exercise the pelvic floor muscles, urinate in time when urinating, and avoid holding urine. To minimize the intake of coffee and alcohol, keep warm. Try to avoid the use of anticholinergics and antihistamines. For patients who have not been treated, pay attention to regular follow-up visits during the watchful waiting period, at least once a year.

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