Stem cell transplantation treats central nervous system diseases

Stem cell transplantation treats central nervous system diseases.  Stem cell transplantation is safe and effective for central nervous system diseases

Stem cell transplantation is the transplantation of healthy stem cells (such as mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells, adipose stem cells, etc.) into the human body, or local injection into the brain lesions, so as to exert the function of stem cells to repair the demyelination of the central nervous system.

Central nervous system demyelinating diseases: A group of diseases that damage or lose the myelin sheath outside the axons of nerve cells, leading to impaired nervous system function. Multiple sclerosis and optic neuromyelitis spectrum diseases are typical disease models.

Stem cell transplantation

The characteristics of central nervous system demyelinating diseases are mainly manifested in the repetition of symptoms and the diversity of lesions. Although both types of diseases are classified as rare diseases, the number of patients is not large, but clinically they are still unable to be effectively treated. In order to develop new clinical methods for this disease, researchers are trying to explore the clinical value of stem cell transplantation in demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system. Studies have found that stem cell transplantation can effectively alleviate the progression of the disease.

Clinical case 1: DAHBOUR et al. conducted a stem cell transplantation clinical trial. This trial included 10 subjects (8 cases of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, 2 cases of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis) to participate in stem cells transplant. The research team used the transplantation method of intrathecal injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and evaluated the patients at the 3rd, 6th, and 12th months after transplantation.

Stem Cell Therapy

The results showed that the clinical symptoms of the patients were improved compared with the previous ones, the scores of the extended disability status scale of 2 patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis decreased, and the scores of the extended disability status scale of the remaining 8 patients did not change significantly, verifying stem cell transplantation It can effectively alleviate the function of the disease and even reverse the damaged nerve function.

[Note: The extended disability status scale score is to evaluate the degree of neurological impairment. The evaluation consists of two parts: functional systems, mobility and daily life restrictions. The scores of each system in the functional system evaluation part range from normal (0 points) to the most Severe defects (5-6 points) ranged]

Clinical case 2: LU et al. evaluated the effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in the treatment of 5 patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum diseases. Evaluation was performed every 6 months after transplantation, and a total of 4 evaluations were performed.

Stem cell transplantation

Research results: After stem cell transplantation, the number of lesions on the spinal cord MRI of the patients was significantly reduced, and the recurrence rate was lower than before the transplantation; the expanded disability status scale score of 4 patients improved (4.9 points decreased to 4.0 points), and the visual acuity of 2 patients Improved.

In summary, in the above two clinical trials, all patients had no serious adverse reactions related to transplantation during the follow-up period. It is preliminarily believed that stem cell transplantation is a safe and effective clinical technique for improving central nervous system demyelinating diseases.

(source:internet, reference only)

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