What is the difference between the 5 Chinese-made COVID-19 vaccines?

What is the difference between the 5 Chinese-made COVID-19 vaccines?  At present, 5 new coronavirus vaccines have been approved for use in China. What is the difference between these 5 vaccines? Which breed is better?

Relevant experts said that according to the technical route, the five vaccines are divided into three categories:

• Inactivated vaccines:  including three inactivated vaccines produced by Sinopharm Zhongsheng Beijing Company, Sinopharm Zhongsheng Wuhan Company, and Beijing Kexing Zhongwei Company;
• Adenovirus vector vaccine, which is a type 5 adenovirus vector vaccine produced by Tianjin Cansino Company;
• Recombinant protein vaccine, which is a recombinant new coronavirus vaccine (CHO cell).

What is the difference between the three technical routes?

“Inactivated vaccines are vaccines prepared by a series of purification techniques after the cultured and amplified live viruses are killed by physical and chemical methods.” Deputy Leader of the Expert Team of Vaccine Research and Development Special Team of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism Research Group of the State Council, China According to Wang Junzhi, an academician of the Academy of Engineering, the main feature of the vaccine is that the components of the vaccine are similar to the natural virus structure, the immune response is also relatively strong, and it has good safety. The vaccine is relatively stable, can be stored in an environment of 2-8 degrees Celsius for two to three years, and is convenient to transport; two injections are used for immunization.

“Adenovirus vector vaccines use type 5 adenovirus as a carrier, introduce new coronavirus antigen genes, and make a live vector vaccine through a bioreactor.” Wang Junzhi said that the vaccine preparation process is relatively simple, and the R&D cost and production cost are relatively low. It was successfully developed on the basis of the original adenovirus type 5 Ebola vaccine in our country. Vaccines can well induce antibody production and enhance cellular immunity; single-shot immunization can be used.

“Recombinant protein vaccines are genetically engineered to express the most effective antigen components in cells in vitro. In vitro cells are cells commonly used by engineered cell lines in biological products, similar to the way of industrial fermentation, and finally made into vaccines. Yan Jinghua, a researcher at the Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that the entire production process is a process of protein expression and purification. There is no live virus involved, so the production process is safe and easy to produce on a large scale. Judging from the use of recombinant protein vaccines in the past and the results of previous experiments, the safety of recombinant protein vaccines can be guaranteed, and the adverse reaction rate is relatively low. The vaccine is refrigerated at 2-8 degrees Celsius, which has low requirements for transportation and storage conditions; two to three shots are used for immunization.

Which vaccine is more effective?

Wang Junzhi said that the three routes of new coronavirus vaccines have their own characteristics. No matter what technical route is adopted, the most important thing is to combine the characteristics of the antigen itself and the characteristics of the pathogen itself, and use suitable processes to develop a safe, effective and quality controllable vaccine. , Is the key criterion for vaccine success.
He Qinghua, the first-level inspector of the CDC of China National Health Commission, said that the current domestically marketed COVID-19 virus vaccines have been reviewed and approved by the drug regulatory department, and their safety and effectiveness are supported by certain data, and they can be vaccinated with confidence.

How to choose single needle and double needle?

According to Shao Yiming, a researcher at the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, single-dose adenovirus vector vaccines are more suitable for people who need to travel to the epidemic area for temporary or urgent tasks but do not have enough time to wait. In addition, single-shot vaccination can prevent the second shot from failing due to various reasons, resulting in poor immunity.
Single-dose vaccines also have disadvantages. Shao Yiming pointed out that the immune response induced by a single-dose adenovirus vector vaccine is generally weaker than that of a two-dose vaccine. It is no problem to prevent the early epidemic of the virus. When it is replaced with a later mutant virus, the protection efficiency will mostly decrease. Therefore, when choosing a vaccine, comprehensive judgments and scientific decisions must be made based on the specific conditions of the population to be protected, combined with the latest monitoring data of the local epidemic virus.
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Can people 60 years and older be vaccinated against the new coronavirus?

People aged 60 and above are those at high risk of severe illness and death after being infected with the new coronavirus. The existing phase I/II clinical data show that the safety of vaccination for people over 60 years old is good, and the vaccine will have a certain protective effect, so vaccination is recommended.
At present, according to the overall arrangement of the country, our city has vaccinated some elderly people aged 60 and over who have a vaccination need and have a good physical condition.
In the next step, we will actively and steadily promote the vaccination of people over 60 years of age and patients with chronic diseases in combination with the effect of vaccines in large-scale populations.
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Can people with chronic diseases be vaccinated against the new coronavirus?

People with chronic diseases are those who are severely ill and at high risk of death after being infected with the new coronavirus. People with stable health conditions and well-controlled chronic diseases should not be contraindicated for new coronavirus vaccination, and vaccination is recommended.
Uncontrolled severe chronic diseases are contraindications for new coronavirus vaccination, and it is recommended to postpone vaccination.

(source:internet, reference only)

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