COVID-19: What's Mobile Cabin Hospital? - Medical Knowlege and News

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COVID-19: What’s Mobile Cabin Hospital?

Mobile cabin hospital is a medical unit composed of a series of cabins with different medical or technical support functions.

During the severe local COVID-19 epidemic, the Chinese government used existing space directly, including large-scale event venues, and closed schools to quickly build a mobile cabin hospital to respond to the epidemic.

Later, other countries or regions also adopted this type of hospital. Ways to ease the pressure on existing medical institutions to respond to the epidemic.

COVID-19: What's Mobile Cabin Hospital?

Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 outbreak, the general medical hospital in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and the newly expanded pneumonia specialist hospital only accommodated severely ill patients, the place where the epidemic first broke out, while those in independent family isolation can still infect their families With members of neighboring communities, the impact of the use of medical resources has increased the risk of epidemic control.

Under this circumstance, the Chinese government decided to adopt the principle of treating people with mild symptoms (centralized) for infectious disease control. It established 16 Mobile cabin hospitals in Wuhan and provided a total of more than 20,000 beds.

On March 10, 2020, all patients admitted to Mobile cabin hospital in Hongshan Gymnasium, Wuchang District, Wuhan City were discharged. At this point, all 16 Mobile cabin hospitals in Wuhan have completed their tasks and suspended operations.

Later, as the epidemic spread to the world, many countries or regions outside of China also began to build Mobile cabin hospitals.

Mobile cabin hospital originated in the United States. In the 1960s, in order to meet the needs of the Vietnam War, the US military took the lead in the research and application of medical shelters [4].

Shelter cabins were initially used in the U.S. military.

Shelter cabins are equipped with vehicles with high mobility, and corresponding structures can be designed or related equipment installed in the shelter according to requirements.

As early as the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and the 2010 Yushu earthquake, China established a [Mobile cabin hospital.

The earliest references to medical shelters in China can be traced back to 1989]. In addition to medical shelters, common shelters also include containers, container houses, special carriages, military shelters, weather shelters, mobile combined houses, etc.[.

“Mobile cabin hospital” is also called “temporary hospital” or “community medical facility” in some countries.

How to build “Mobile Cabin Hospital”?

The “Mobile Cabin Hospital” temporary emergency medical treatment site should have the characteristics of large space, large capacity, and temporary.

The design and reconstruction should follow the principles of safety, reliability, quick conversion, and easy recovery.

Existing buildings to be renovated should have convenient transportation links with surrounding hospitals, and large-space buildings such as gymnasiums and exhibition halls should be used first to transform “square cabin” temporary emergency medical treatment places.

The “square cabin” temporary emergency medical treatment sites used to treat infectious diseases should follow the basic principles of controlling the source of infection, cutting off the chain of infection, and isolating susceptible people, and should meet the medical procedures of infectious disease hospitals.

The technical measures for the design and reconstruction of “square cabin” temporary emergency medical treatment sites should ensure the safety of medical staff and patients, the safety of building structures, the safe operation of facilities and equipment, fire safety and environmental safety, and should comply with the current relevant standards of various countries.

The “square cabin type” temporary emergency medical treatment place is mainly aimed at treating patients with mild illnesses, and patients with severe illnesses should be promptly transferred to hospitals with corresponding treatment capabilities.

All localities should first select existing buildings suitable for renovation, and prepare technical reserves in advance, such as evaluation and appraisal, renovation design, etc., to save conversion time.

In terms of site selection, the reporter noticed that the location of “Mobile Cabin Hospital” should be as far away as possible from high-density residential areas, kindergartens, primary, middle and elementary schools and other urban crowded areas, and away from flammable, explosive, toxic and hazardous gas production and storage sites.

The site is selected in the city where the prevailing wind is downwind all year round. There should be an isolation distance of not less than 20 meters between existing buildings and surrounding buildings.

In terms of technology application, intelligent system design preferentially select technologies that can reduce direct contact and avoid secondary infection.

Personnel entry and exit channels should be equipped with non-contact rapid body temperature measurement equipment, such as thermal imaging binocular cameras.

Automatic temperature measurement should be combined with patient reception and screening process settings, and the alarm information for persons with abnormal body temperature shall be transmitted to the monitoring host.

It is advisable to configure disinfection robots, logistics robots, information query robots, etc. to provide contactless services, and to reserve space for related mechanical and electrical equipment and item handover.

It should be equipped with 5G-based remote consultation, wireless rounds, mobile health monitoring and other medical information facilities.

It is advisable to adopt building information modeling BIM technology to form a complete model result, all data is stored centrally and properly, and three-dimensional visualization and material aggregation functions are quickly realized when it is activated, so as to realize the smart city big data dispatch function in the 5G era.