Lancet: HPV vaccine significantly reduces the incidence of cervical cancer

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The Lancet: Real-world data shows that HPV vaccine significantly reduces the incidence of cervical cancer

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The Lancet: Real-world data shows that HPV vaccine significantly reduces the incidence of cervical cancer

Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies. According to the latest global cancer burden data released by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World Health Organization in 2020, there will be 600,000 new cases of cervical cancer worldwide and 340,000 new deaths from cervical cancer in 2020. The number of cases and deaths are among female cancers. Both rank fourth.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, especially the persistent infection of high-risk HPV, is the primary cause of cervical precancerous lesions and cervical cancer. This infection is preventable. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends 9-14-year-old girls as the preferred target group for HPV vaccination and calls for global action to eliminate cervical cancer by 2030.

In addition, HPV virus not only causes cervical cancer in women, but also causes genital warts, anal cancer and other diseases that can affect both men and women. HPV6 and HPV11 cause about 90% of genital warts, and HPV16 and HPV18 cause about 70% of them. Cervical cancer and anal cancer. Therefore, many countries vaccinate both men and women with HPV vaccine.

On November 3, 2021, the top international medical journal “The Lancet” published a titled “The effects of the national HPV vaccination programme in England, UK, on ​​cervical cancer and grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia incidence: a register-based observational study” research paper.

The study compared the incidence of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions before and after the start of the HPV vaccination program in the United Kingdom in 2008, and found that HPV vaccination led to a sharp decline in the incidence of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions, especially among young women middle. This is also the first direct evidence that the bivalent HPV vaccine Cervarix successfully reduces the incidence of cervical cancer in the real world.

Cervarix is ​​a bivalent HPV vaccine developed by GSK. It is approved by the FDA to prevent cervical cancer caused by HPV16 and HPV18 in women aged 10-25. From September 1, 2008, the UK began to receive this HPV vaccine free of charge

The research team evaluated the diagnostic data of cervical cancer and cervical precancerous lesions in women aged 20-64 who lived in England from January 1, 2006 to June 30, 2019.

Compared with the reference cohort not vaccinated with HPV, the incidence of cervical cancer vaccinated at 12-13 years old was reduced by 87%, vaccinated at 14-16 years old was reduced by 62%, and vaccinated at 16-18 years old A reduction of 34%.

Compared with the reference cohort not vaccinated with HPV, the incidence of cervical precancerous lesions vaccinated at 12-13 years old was reduced by 97%, vaccinated at 14-16 years old was reduced by 75%, and at 16-18 years old The vaccination was reduced by 39%.

The research team said that after the HPV vaccine free vaccination program was launched in the UK, the incidence of cervical cancer and cervical precancerous lesions in young women has dropped significantly, especially for women who were vaccinated at the age of 12-13. The HPV vaccine free vaccination program has almost eliminated cervical cancer in women born after September 1, 1995.

The results of these studies clearly pointed out the benefits of widespread HPV vaccination, but even in developed countries like the United Kingdom where HPV vaccination is free, the vaccination rate has not yet reached the WHO target of 90% vaccination rate for 15-year-old girls. This also shows that widespread HPV vaccination and complete elimination of cervical cancer are still facing challenges.

Paper link:
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(21)02178-4/fulltext

The Lancet: Real-world data shows that HPV vaccine significantly reduces the incidence of cervical cancer

(source:internet, reference only)

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