World’s First Self-Replicating mRNA Vaccine More Effective than Pfizer’s Vaccine!
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World’s First Self-Replicating mRNA Vaccine More Effective than Pfizer’s Vaccine!
Since the significant breakthrough of mRNA technology in the development of COVID-19 vaccines, its potential in vaccine research has garnered considerable attention.
On January 17, 2024, Nature Biotechnology reported that the Japanese health authorities approved the ARCT-154 vaccine developed jointly by the U.S.-based Arcturus Therapeutics and Japan’s CSL.
This marks the world’s first fully approved self-replicating mRNA (sa-mRNA) vaccine [1].
Mechanism and Advantages of sa-mRNA Vaccine
The core innovation of sa-mRNA vaccines lies in their ability to replicate mRNA within cells, encoding genes for virus replication enzymes and immunogenic genes. ARCT-154 utilizes mRNA encoding components of the replication enzyme of the Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and the spike glycoprotein of the SARS-CoV-2 D614G variant, encapsulated in proprietary lipid nanoparticles.
This self-replicating activity allows sa-mRNA vaccines to be used at lower concentrations than conventional mRNA vaccines, potentially making them safer and easier to produce on a large scale.
Clinical Trial Results
The approval by the Japanese health authorities is based on multiple Phase III study results, including a trial using 5ug of ARCT-154 as a COVID-19 booster.
Results indicate that the immune response elicited by the vaccine is higher than that of 30ug Comirnaty (Pfizer/BioNTech). Among adults previously vaccinated, 70% of ARCT-154 vaccine recipients produced antibodies against the Omicron BA.4/5 variant, compared to only 58% for Comirnaty vaccine recipients. The antibody titers 28 days after ARCT-154 vaccination were also higher. The tolerability of both vaccines is comparable [2].
Global Promotion and Other sa-mRNA Vaccines
Arcturus and CSL have also applied for regulatory approval in Europe for ARCT-154 and are conducting clinical tests for other SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Additionally, in June 2022, India approved a sa-RNA vaccine named Gemcovac-19, produced by Gennova Biopharmaceuticals, but only for emergency use.
Clinical trials for sa-mRNA vaccines targeting other diseases, such as influenza, are also underway.
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Is this unique self-replicating mRNA vaccine a better choice for the COVID-19 vaccination strategy?
Expert Comments
The approval of sa-mRNA vaccines signifies another significant milestone for mRNA technology in vaccine development.
This not only provides a new tool for controlling COVID-19 but also opens up new research directions and hope for addressing other infectious diseases in the future.
As sa-mRNA technology continues to develop and optimize, we can expect it to play a greater role in global public health, including the development of cancer vaccines.
Three mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, each using Nobel Prize-winning technology, have led to three distinctly different outcomes:
mRNA vaccines show renewed efficacy in fighting cancer;
Risk of recurrence or death reduced by 49% compared to single-use K drugs!
Nature Subjournal: CAR-T + mRNA vaccine, a powerful combination, achieves breakthrough in cancer treatment.
World’s First Self-Replicating mRNA Vaccine More Effective than Pfizer’s Vaccine!
References:
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-023-02101-2
- https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.07.13.23292597v1
(source:internet, reference only)
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