Global cancer researches keep going in 2020

Global cancer researches keep going in 2020.   The report issued by the American Society of Clinical Oncology pointed out that the improvement of cancer surgical treatment should belong to the “annual progress” in 2020.

Affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, global cancer research was once greatly impacted. However, with the strict global control of the epidemic, global cancer research is expected to continue to advance and usher in new developments.

Molecular diagnosis

Molecular diagnosis can be used for early detection of cancer, prognosis and prediction of treatment effect. Molecular diagnostics is a test that detects the presence of biomarkers, which can be detected in blood, urine, tumors, or other samples.

The latest research published in the American Journal of Clinical Oncology shows that the biomarker M371 is very accurate in predicting the clinical stage and tumor size of testicular germ cell tumors. A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine in the United States has shown that patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer who have been diagnosed with BRCA gene mutations through molecular diagnosis can delay the development of cancer by taking the oral drug olaparib.

The “2020 Cancer Prevention and Control Progress Report” issued by the American Society of Clinical Oncology believes that a major future research focus is to better identify precancerous lesions through molecular diagnosis and predict when treatment is needed.

Combination therapy

The report issued by the American Society of Clinical Oncology pointed out that the improvement of cancer surgical treatment should belong to the “annual progress” in 2020. Over the years, researchers have made continuous progress in the development of new systemic cancer therapies, which not only improved the survival rate and quality of life of patients, but also changed the surgical methods of cancer treatment.

Adjuvant treatment before surgery has made great progress, and advances in systemic treatment of pancreatic cancer, kidney cancer, prostate cancer and melanoma have helped reshape surgical treatment. Neoadjuvant combined immunotherapy paves the way for more successful minimally invasive surgery for patients with advanced melanoma. Targeted therapy provides an alternative method for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, which may not require surgery. Pre-treatment makes surgery possible for more patients with pancreatic cancer.

As researchers deepen their understanding of cancer biology, new types of targeted therapies and other new therapies continue to be introduced. Researchers have also identified groups of patients who are more likely to benefit from specific treatments, and have made considerable progress in surgery and radiotherapy.

Trials using different types of therapies in combination have shown that combination therapies can prolong survival without increasing toxicity. For example, immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy can delay the progression of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Atezolizumab combined with chemotherapy can prolong the survival period of large-area small cell lung cancer. Rituximab combined with lenalidomide can improve the survival rate of two common B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

Cancer prevention

Preventing cancer remains a high priority for improving public health. There are many strategies to prevent cancer, including lifestyle changes to reduce cancer risk, better screening tools to diagnose cancer faster, and cancer prevention by preventing cancer-causing organisms.

Research published in the British “Lancet” magazine shows that long-term data show that the human papillomavirus vaccine is reducing the risk of cervical cancer. An analysis of data from 40 trials in 14 high-income countries by researchers from Laval University in Canada showed that within 5 to 8 years of the HPV vaccine, HPV 16 and 18 in women aged 13 to 19 The infection rate for women dropped by 83%, and for women aged 20 to 24 by 66%; the incidence of cervical precancerous lesions in women aged 15 to 19 fell by 51%, and the incidence of women aged 20 to 24 fell by 31%.

The Cancer Research Foundation’s “12 Cancer Research Breakthroughs in 2020” released at the end of last year pointed out that a new cancer vaccine developed by researchers from the University of Queensland in Australia and other institutions is ready to start clinical trials. This therapeutic vaccine targets key tumor cells and stimulates tumor-specific immune responses, making it possible to treat a variety of leukemias, non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas and other blood cancers, as well as breast and lung cancers.

(source:internet, reference only)

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