Can restricting diet really lead to health and longevity?
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Can restricting diet really lead to health and longevity?
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Can restricting diet really lead to health and longevity?
Eat less and live longer? This research shows that things are far from being as simple as thought.
In modern society, with the development of society and economy, people’s quality of life has steadily increased, and their health and life span have also been significantly improved.
At present, health concepts such as exercise, fitness and balanced diet have become a consensus. These scientific health concepts also guide us to actively pursue a healthy lifestyle.
Restricting diet has become one of the most sought after lifestyles, and many people even take it as a health motto.
October 2019, A study published in the journal also showed that adult dietary restriction, can prolong life in Nature Metabolism .
Is dieting really so amazing?
In June 2020, researchers from the Barker Institute of Aging in the United States published a titled GWAS for Lifespan and Decline in Climbing Ability in Flies upon Dietary Restriction Reveal decima as a Mediator of Insulin-like Peptide in Current Biology , a subsidiary of Cell. Production research paper.
This study questioned the idea that a moderate diet can prolong lifespan and a healthy lifespan .
Based on the statistical analysis of 160 different genetic strains of fruit flies, the researchers found that under a controlled diet, 13% of fruit flies are more vigorous but die faster; 5% of fruit flies live longer but are healthy Life is shorter .
In recent years, many studies have shown that restricting diet can effectively extend life span and delay aging-related diseases across species.
In this regard, a basic hypothesis in the field of aging research is that dietary restrictions can also improve lifespan and activity capacity through similar mechanisms.
However, it is worth noting that these studies did not conduct rigorous testing under different genetic backgrounds.
In addition, in natural populations, nutrition-related genes that lead to longer lifespan or decline in age-related functions have not yet been fully studied.
To solve this problem, in this study, the researchers measured the nutrient-dependent lifespan changes and age-related decline in climbing ability of 160 different genetic strains of fruit flies.
They found that dietary restriction prolonged the lifespan of fruit flies and delayed their age-related decline in climbing ability, but these traits lacked correlation between individual breeds, indicating that different genetic factors independently regulate these traits, and genotype determines Response to diet.
Through statistical analysis, the research team found that 97% of Drosophila strains exhibited an extension of lifespan or healthy lifespan under dietary restrictions.
However, only 50% of the strains showed a positive response to both, 13% of the strains had stronger vitality, but died faster; 5% of the strains had a longer life span but a shorter healthy life span, and the remaining 32% had a longer life span.
Either there is no significant change in healthy life span, or there is a negative reaction to both.
Then, through genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) , researchers discovered many previously unknown genes in fruit flies that respond to diet, affect lifespan, or climb ability.
They confirmed that the decima gene can change the lifespan, and the daedalus gene can affect the age-related decline in climbing ability.
Further research found that decima can affect the transcription of insulin-like peptides in GABA receptor neurons downstream of the sNPF signaling pathway.
Interestingly, these two genes only have independent effects on longevity (decima gene) or mobility (daedalus gene) , which suggests that these age-related characteristics can be regulated by different mechanisms .
The findings of life-extending research are often hyped by the media and exaggerated to treat all age-related diseases.
This research reminds people to be aware that genetic background may have a major impact on how they respond to interventions.
All in all, life span and healthy life span are some of the characteristics that are affected by complex factors. Every person has a different genetic background.
Therefore, even the same lifestyle may have completely different effects .
The biological world also reminds everyone that the pursuit of a healthy lifestyle should start from oneself, combine one’s own characteristics, and do not follow blindly.
Paper link:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s42255-019-0121-0
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.05.020
Can restricting diet really lead to health and longevity?
(source:internet, reference only)
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