Antibody therapy can bring AIDS patients into “long-term remission”

Antibody therapy can bring AIDS patients into “long-term remission”

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Nature publishes AIDS treatment milestone study 丨 For the first time in clinical trials, antibody therapy can bring AIDS patients into “long-term remission”.

On April 13, 2022 , Nature published an important paper on HIV cure research by RU’s Nussenzweig group. For the first time, it was found in clinical trials that antibody therapy can make HIV patients achieve “long-term remission”, which is an HIV treatment and functional cure. A landmark study in history .

This is a key HIV finding this week following the Nature Med article on VRC 603 . The study tested two Nussenzweig-developed neutralizing antibody combinations, 3BNC117 + 10-1074, currently purchased by Gilead Sciences (GS-5423/GS-2872) for HIV cure development.

The results of the 2018 clinical trial of the antibody combination have been published in Nature . The results showed that after receiving the combination antibody treatment, the virus rebound was delayed to 15-30 weeks (median 21 weeks) in 9 patients.

This 1b clinical trial (NCT03526848) in collaboration with the NIH is an open-label clinical trial that increases the number of doses of antibody therapy.

The study was divided into 2 groups.

• Group 1 stopped antiviral therapy (ART) and received 7 doses of the antibody combination;
• Group 2 received 7 doses of the antibody combination while on ART, but stopped ART at 26 weeks.

Both antibodies persisted in the body for more than a year. The patient’s CD4 count remained stable during the trial.

Without pre-screening for antibody susceptibility, 13 of 17 people maintained virological suppression for at least 20 weeks after cessation of ART, with a viral load of less than 50, a long-term remission of up to 20 weeks .

This is the best result so far from a clinical trial of HIV cure in non-hematopoietic stem cell therapy.

Sensitivity analyses cannot predict the timing of viral rebound.

One subject with viral suppression for more than 20 weeks showed viral load rebound after one of the antibodies reached concentrations below 10 μg/ml. After one year, 2 of the individuals who received all 7 doses of the antibody combination remained virologically suppressed, a state of long-term remission.

Analysis of the HIV viral reservoir six months after antibody treatment showed changes in the size and composition of replicating totipotent viral DNA, but not the size of defective HIV DNA. The study did not find that antibody treatment resulted in corresponding activation of CD4 or CD8.

Sum up:

These data suggest that antibody therapy affects the HIV-1 reservoir , but more larger and longer studies are needed to determine the precise impact of antibody immunotherapy on the HIV reservoir.

This antibody combination is currently being developed by Gilead and RU at the same time, and it is believed that large-scale clinical trials are being planned.

References:

1.Antibody therapy can bring AIDS patients into “long-term remission”

(source:internet, reference only)

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