This kind of adipose tissue will not only make you fatter

This kind of adipose tissue will not only make you fatter. Nature Sub-Journal: This adipose tissue will not only make you fatter, it is also good for health and promotes healthy heart metabolism.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a highly specialized thermogenic adipose tissue. In addition to the nutrient storage function of general adipose tissue, it also performs extremely active metabolic activities

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a highly specialized heat-producing adipose tissue. In addition to the nutrient storage function of general adipose tissue, it also carries out extremely active metabolic activities, which can regulate the body temperature of mammals. Hibernation and awakening, preventing obesity, and fighting infection play an important role.

In recent years, a series of studies have confirmed the presence of metabolically active brown adipose tissue in adults, and it is related to lower body mass index (BMI), lower outdoor temperature and lower blood sugar levels. In addition, some small-scale prospective studies have also shown that cold-activated BAT is associated with increased energy consumption and enhanced glucose and free fatty acid metabolism.

On January 4, 2021, a multinational team composed of the Rockefeller University Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, the German Cardiovascular Research Center (DZHK) and other units published in Nature Medicine the title: Brown adipose tissue is associated with cardiometabolic health
(Brown adipose tissue is related to cardiometabolic health) research paper.

This study found that the presence of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is associated with the low incidence of type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia and cerebrovascular diseases, confirming the potential role of BAT in promoting cardiometabolic health. Moreover, the beneficial effects of BAT are more significant in overweight or obese people, which indicates that BAT may play an important role in reducing the harmful effects of obesity.

In the human body, there are two types of adipose tissue. Among them, white fat stores excess energy, while brown adipose tissue is responsible for heat production and consumes energy in the form of calories. Previous studies found that in mouse models, brown adipose tissue significantly improved the body’s glucose and lipid homeostasis.

However, the extent to which brown adipose tissue (BAT) affects human metabolism and cardiovascular disease is still unclear.

In this study, in order to explore the relationship between brown adipose tissue (BAT) and metabolism and cardiovascular diseases, the research team reviewed the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) from June 1, 2009 to March 31, 2018 134,529 PET/CT reports of 52,487 patients.

 
18F-FDG PET/CT report statistical analysis flow chart

Statistics showed that 7,923 (5.9%) of 5,070 patients (9.7%)
The presence of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is reported in PET/CT scans, and brown adipose tissue (BAT) is more common in women (13.8 vs 4.9%). It decreases with age and is negatively correlated with ambient temperature and BMI. This is consistent with earlier smaller retrospective studies.

BAT is related to factors such as gender, age, ambient temperature and BMI

Then, the researchers divided the study cohort according to propensity score matching. They found that patients with brown adipose tissue (BAT) had a lower prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases, and the presence of brown adipose tissue (BAT) was associated with type 2 diabetes and blood lipids. The lower prevalence of abnormalities, coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, congestive heart failure, and hypertension are independently related.

Not only that, the researchers further investigated the body data of these patients with brown adipose tissue (BAT), and were supported by improvements in blood glucose, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein levels.

 
The relationship between brown fat and cardiometabolic diseases

The researchers also found that the association of brown adipose tissue (BAT) with metabolism and cardiovascular disease is most obvious in individuals with elevated BMI, and obesity is usually associated with decreased brown adipose tissue (BAT) function. Based on this, obese people who retain brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity seem to be protected from the adverse effects of excessive obesity.

In addition, the research team also confirmed that Mirabegron, a beta-3 adrenergic agonist that enhances thermogenesis of brown adipose tissue (BAT), can improve the oral glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity of obese patients.

This further confirms that the beneficial effects of brown adipose tissue (BAT) are more pronounced in overweight or obese people, indicating that brown adipose tissue (BAT) may play an important role in reducing the harmful effects of obesity.

In patients with head and neck cancer, 18F-FDG PET/CT showed brown adipose tissue

All in all, this study confirms the important contribution of brown adipose tissue (BAT) to cardiometabolic health and shows the therapeutic potential of brown adipose tissue for obese patients. At the moment, the global obesity crisis is getting worse. Brown adipose tissue is a potential treatment target for obesity. Future research should aim to improve human understanding of brown adipose tissue and develop drugs that safely regulate the activity of brown adipose tissue.

(sourcechinanet, reference only)

Disclaimer of medicaltrend.org