Attention: 4 early signs of ovarian cancer

Attention: 4 early signs of ovarian cancer. 4 early signs of ovarian cancer suggest that female friends need to be vigilant!

Ovarian cancer is one of the malignant tumors that endanger the health of female reproductive system. Many female friends are relatively new to ovarian cancer. What are the early symptoms of ovarian cancer? How to screen and prevent?

Early symptoms of ovarian cancer

1. Low menstrual flow, menopause

One of the common early symptoms when ovarian cancer occurs is low menstrual flow and menopause. The menstruation of most patients with ovarian cancer is basically unaffected. The enlargement of the tumor will gradually reduce the function of the ovary, and the spread of cancer cells will affect the tissue structure of the ovary. Affected by this, menstrual flow will become less and less, even menopause.

2. Sex hormone disorder

Symptoms of sex hormone disorder also occur when ovarian cancer occurs. The etiology of ovarian cancer is more and more complicated, and more tissues and organs are affected. Ovarian cancer will cause some hormones to fluctuate. bigger. Ovarian cancer is responsible for the secretion of more estrogen. When ovarian cancer secretes more estrogen, it will cause irregular menstruation, vaginal bleeding after amenorrhea, or precocious puberty. There are also the same principles, such as blastoma of the testis. When there are more androgens produced, there will be signs of masculinity.

3. Backache and abdominal pain

A more common symptom is the occurrence of backache and backache, because in the early stage of ovarian cancer, due to the enlargement of the tumor, the tissue structure around the ovaries will adhere, and this phenomenon will cause backache and abdominal pain.

4. Edema of lower limbs and vulva

In the early stage of ovarian cancer, the ovarian tumor will enlarge, and it will naturally oppress the pelvic vein, and the blood will be blocked, which hinders the return of lymph. Because the lymphatic disorder will cause edema to the lower limbs and vulva.

High-risk objects:

1. Patients with hereditary breast cancer-ovarian cancer syndrome (ie BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline pathogenic variants or suspected pathogenic variants);

2. Carrying RAD51C or RAD51D or BRIP1 germline pathogenic variants or suspected pathogenic variants;

3. Lynch syndrome (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer syndrome) patients;

4. First-degree relatives who are diagnosed with the above-mentioned hereditary tumor syndromes or carry the above-mentioned genes to cause disease or suspected pathogenic variants, but fail or refuse to be tested;

5. Family history of ovarian cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer or family history of endometrial cancer, colorectal cancer and other Lynch syndrome-related tumors after genetic counseling and risk assessment, it is recommended to accept genetic testing and fail or refuse testing By;

6. There is a significant family history of ovarian cancer and related tumors (multiple individuals). Although genetic testing has been conducted, no known or suspected disease-causing genes have been detected in family patients (Note: current genetic testing and Data interpretation still has limitations).

Screening recommendations:

1. For asymptomatic and non-high-risk women, ovarian cancer screening is not recommended;

2. For the above-mentioned high-risk women who have not undergone preventive fallopian tube-oophorectomy, regular screening is recommended for early detection of ovarian cancer. However, there is currently no evidence that ovarian cancer screening can bring clinical benefits to high-risk women.

• According to the judgment of clinicians, high-risk women from 30 to 35 years old can consider receiving regular ovarian cancer screening;
• Screening items: serum CA-125 examination and transvaginal ultrasound examination;
• Screening interval: once every 3 months to once a year.

3. In addition, women who have experienced abdominal distension, abdominal pain, irregular vaginal bleeding and other uncomfortable symptoms are not included in the scope of screening and should seek medical treatment as soon as possible for clinical evaluation.

Prevention suggestions:

1. Individuals who need further genetic testing after genetic counseling and risk assessment should be tested as soon as possible to clarify the risk of cancer;

2. High-risk women who carry pathogenic variants or suspected pathogenic variants that increase the risk of ovarian cancer should preventively remove their ovaries and fallopian tubes at the corresponding age to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer;

3. In theory, any behavior that allows the ovaries to stop ovulating within a period of time can reduce the risk of ovarian cancer, such as birth control pills, pregnancy, and breastfeeding. Therefore encourage timely childbirth and breastfeeding;

4. After genetic counseling, some high-risk women can choose short-term oral contraceptives to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer (long-term use may increase the risk of breast cancer);

5. For high-risk women of childbearing age, discuss possible genetic blockade with tumor genetic counseling doctors and reproductive doctors before giving birth;

6. Maintain good living habits, regular work and rest, a reasonable diet, reduce the consumption of high-fat and high-cholesterol foods, and strengthen physical exercise.

(source:internet, reference only)

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