How to prevent and control Diabetic retinopathy?

How to prevent and control Diabetic retinopathy? Diabetes can cause more than 100 complications, which is the disease with the most known complications.

Clinical studies have shown that about 30%-40% of diabetic patients have at least one complication during about 10 years of illness, and once the complication occurs, it is difficult to reverse it with drug treatment. Therefore, compared with diabetes itself, complications are the greatest health threat to patients.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common chronic complications of diabetes. According to statistics from the International Diabetes Federation, more than 1/3 of diabetic patients suffer from different forms of DR.

DR is the direct result of chronic hyperglycemia damaging retinal capillaries, causing capillary leakage and blockage. In the early stage, the patient’s eyes have no symptoms and normal vision, but in fact the retina has disease.

If it is not controlled and treated in time, as the condition continues to deteriorate, floaters, blurred vision, and decreased vision will occur. In severe cases, permanent retinal damage or even blindness will occur.

DR is a preventable, controllable, and avoidable disease, so early prevention and detection are extremely important. So, what measures can we take to prevent and control DR? Professor Wang Yi, an eye fundus expert, introduced the 6 major ways to prevent, control and treat DR. Let’s take a look~

Before the onset: basic prevention first

1. Control blood sugar

Diabetes patients should adhere to healthy eating habits and lifestyles to control blood sugar, blood pressure and blood lipid levels. Comprehensive improvement of blood sugar can delay the progression of DR and reduce the risk of visual impairment. Therefore, blood sugar should be controlled immediately after the diagnosis of diabetes.

• Type 1 diabetes: According to the specific conditions of the patient, develop an appropriate diet and insulin treatment plan.
• Type 2 diabetes: Adhere to a healthy lifestyle (healthy diet and increased physical activity), and combine insulin and other medications based on the actual situation of the patient.

2. Reasonable nutrition

In addition to a reasonable diet to control blood sugar, the diet should also pay attention to the intake of nutrients that are beneficial to eye health, such as anthocyanins, vitamin C, B vitamins, lutein, zinc, calcium, etc., which are from our daily food All can be ingested, and supplemented with relevant nutritional tablets if necessary.

In addition, try to eat less foods with high sugar content, such as carbonated drinks and fast foods. Under the condition of ensuring the most basic calorie intake, eating less and too much carbohydrates and eating more vegetable foods can appropriately supplement fish, meat, eggs and other foods to prevent or delay DR through nutritional intervention.

3. Regular inspection

DR can cause permanent retinal damage and even blindness. However, if the non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy is detected and intervened in time in the early stage, the loss of vision can be avoided. Therefore, it is very necessary for people with diabetes to have regular fundus examinations.

After onset: Intervention treatment is the main

1. Medication

This is the current international mainstream treatment, divided into intravitreal injection of drugs (such as anti-VEGF, hormones, etc.) and oral drugs. Anti-VEGF is a powerful tool for the treatment of sugar reticulum, and it is also the main auxiliary method for sugar reticulum surgery. Injection before surgery can help reduce intraoperative bleeding and complications.

2. Retina laser photocoagulation

The purpose of laser treatment is to improve retinal ischemia, stabilize and improve vision. Prevent and stop the development of neovascularization in the retina or optic papilla to prevent further vitreous hemorrhage, retinal proliferative membrane and traction retinal detachment.

3. Vitreous surgery

Clear the blood and neovascular membrane, let the retina stick back to the eyeball wall, and then cooperate with laser or condensation to stabilize the retinopathy.

(source:internet, reference only)

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