14 types of drugs easily increased blood sugar in diabetic patients

14 types of drugs easily increased blood sugar in diabetic patients. Summarize some commonly used clinical drugs that easily lead to increased blood sugar.

Hyperglycemia is caused by defective insulin secretion or impaired biological effects. If a person with diabetes has long-term high blood sugar, it will cause chronic damage to various tissues, especially the eyes, kidneys, heart, and blood vessels. Symptoms such as ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar coma can occur in severe cases.

Especially some elderly diabetic patients often have other diseases, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, etc. Some of the drugs used to treat these diseases have a glucose-increasing effect, and some combined with hypoglycemic drugs can produce anti-diabetic drugs, and even increase the risk of toxicity.

The following is a summary of some drugs that can easily lead to increased blood sugar, and be vigilant in clinical use.

1 Thyroid hormone drugs

Levothyroxine sodium and liothyronine sodium can reduce insulin levels. Diabetic patients should appropriately increase the dose of insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs after taking them. (Note: Excessive levothyroxine sodium causes blood sugar to rise)

2 Isoniazid

Isoniazid is highly selective for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and has a strong antibacterial effect. In this nearly 50-year history of use, although the tuberculosis bacterium infected by some patients has developed drug resistance, most doctors still believe that it is an indispensable main drug for the treatment of tuberculosis. However, its combined use with sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agents can cause diabetes and hyperglycemia, and even produce irreversible diabetes.

Editor’s note: There are also many reports showing that after receiving this product for a few months, men have female breasts and impotence; women have menstrual disorders and amenorrhea.

3 Corticosteroids

Adrenal cortex hormones, referred to as corticosteroids, are the general term for hormones synthesized and secreted by the adrenal cortex. They are steroids, but usually do not include sex hormones. Such as: prednisone, prednisolone, methylprednisolone, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, etc.

Corticosteroids are mainly used for the rescue of critically ill patients and certain chronic diseases that are ineffective in other drug treatments, such as rheumatoid arthritis and frequent asthma. It is an important hormone involved in the reverse regulation of blood sugar. It reduces insulin sensitivity by promoting adipogenesis and xenogenesis, reducing glycogen synthesis, etc., leading to an increase in blood glucose concentration.

4 Diuretics

Diuretics are an important component of treatment strategies for patients with fluid retention heart failure (heart failure). Studies have shown that one of its side effects is that it can inhibit the release of insulin and reduce glucose tolerance, leading to elevated blood sugar or positive urine glucose, such as furosemide, ethanilic acid, and hydrochlorothiazide.

Regarding hydrochlorothiazide, the editor further extends: it should not be used in patients with hyperuricemia or gout, otherwise the condition will worsen; it should not be used in patients with renal insufficiency and blood creatinine greater than 290 μmol/L.

5 Protease inhibitor

The main protease inhibitors are: nelfinavir, saquibonvir, indinavir, amprenavir, ritonavir, lopinavir and compound preparations.Regardless of whether the patient has diabetes or not, the incidence of hyperglycemia is 3%-17% after starting anti-HIV virus treatment with protease inhibitors or after long-term use. Many experts disagree with the interruption of antiviral drugs to reduce hyperglycemia, especially in patients with stable virus control.

The recommended method now is to check the basal blood glucose level before starting protease inhibitor treatment and every 3 to 4 months during the first year of treatment. If the blood glucose level remains stable, the frequency of blood glucose monitoring can be reduced.

6 Salbutamol

Compared with others, diabetic patients will have higher blood sugar, free fatty acids, ketone bodies and triglyceride levels when intravenously infusing salbutamol. These adverse reactions can be improved by reducing the dose of the drug, and can disappear when the treatment is terminated.

7 Phenytoin sodium

It can inhibit the secretion of insulin and cause high blood sugar.

8 Aminophylline

Overdose can release catecholamines, causing arrhythmia, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis.

9 Sex hormones

Some data show that the incidence of impaired glucose tolerance (16%) of those taking oral contraceptives is higher than that of those taking oral contraceptives (8%). The fasting plasma insulin, triglyceride and blood glucose levels of the former 2 hours after a meal are higher than the latter.

This adverse reaction is mainly due to the contraceptive pills containing norethindrone and norgestrel. The former has a weaker blood sugar raising effect, while the latter has a strong blood sugar raising effect.

10 Antipsychotics

Clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, aripiprazole, risperidone, ziprasidone, chlorpromazine, perphenazine, trifluoperazine, etc. can cause abnormal glucose regulation, including induced diabetes, Exacerbate existing diabetes and cause diabetic acidosis.

11 Antitumor drugs

Trastuzumab and rituximab can cause hyperglycemia.

12 Growth hormone

For the elderly with reduced growth hormone levels, the use of growth hormone therapy can make beneficial changes in the body’s lipid composition, but the adverse effects of this therapy are caused by joint pain, carpal tunnel syndrome and increased blood sugar.

13 Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Aspirin, indomethacin, acemethacin, etc. can occasionally cause hyperglycemia.

14 Fluoroquinolones

Gatifloxacin can cause severe or fatal hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia, diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, hyperglycemia coma, and hypoglycemia coma.
Hypoglycemia usually occurs in the early stage of medication (within 3 days), and hyperglycemia usually occurs within a few days of medication (after 3 days).

(source:internet, reference only)

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